File Explorer may crash, close unexpectedly, or stop responding when Windows has damaged system files, an incompatible extension, or a temporary software problem. Try these fixes in order.
1. Restart Windows Explorer
- Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc to open Task Manager.
- Find Windows Explorer.
- Right-click it and select Restart.
2. Restart the PC
A full restart can clear a temporary Explorer process problem. After restarting, open File Explorer and test the same folder again.
3. Install Windows updates
Open Settings → Windows Update, check for updates, install available updates, and restart Windows.
4. Repair system files
Open Windows Terminal as administrator and run DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth. When it finishes, run sfc /scannow. Restart the PC afterward.
5. Check recently installed software
If crashes began after installing a shell extension, file utility, or other desktop software, update or temporarily remove the recently added program and test Explorer again.
6. Test another folder
If Explorer crashes only when opening one particular folder, check whether that folder contains unusually large files or damaged media. Try opening other folders to see whether the problem is system-wide.
Final thoughts
Restarting Explorer and repairing Windows system files are good first steps. If crashes continue only in specific folders, investigate the files or software associated with those folders.
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